1. Ibiranga aluminium na aluminium alloy ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gukuramo ibikoresho
Ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa bufite imiterere yihariye, uburebure bwurukuta ruto, uburemere bwurwego rworoshye, hamwe nibisabwa kwihanganira cyane.Ibicuruzwa nkibi byitwa aluminium alloy precision (cyangwa ultra-precision) imyirondoro (imiyoboro), kandi tekinoroji yo gukora ibicuruzwa byitwa precision.(cyangwa ultra-precision) gukuramo.
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga aluminium alloy idasanzwe (cyangwa ultra-precision) gukuramo ni:
. n'insinga, zirimo alloy na leta zitandukanye.Kubera uduce duto duto, uburebure bwurukuta ruto, uburemere bworoshye, hamwe nuduce duto, mubisanzwe ntabwo byoroshye gutunganya umusaruro.
.Ubuso bwubuso buri mubunini ni bunini, kandi tekinoroji yo kubyara iragoye.
(3) Porogaramu nini, imikorere idasanzwe nibisabwa bikora.Kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa kugirango ukoreshe ibicuruzwa, leta nyinshi zivanze ziratoranijwe, zikubiyemo hafi ya alloys kuva kuri 1 × × × kugeza 8 × × serial hamwe na leta nyinshi zivura, hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse.
. .
5) Ibipimo byukuri hamwe na geometrike yo kwihanganira ibisabwa birakaze cyane.Muri rusange, kwihanganira imyirondoro ntoya ya aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu birenze inshuro ebyiri kurenza kwihanganira amanota yihariye mu bipimo bya JIS, GB, na ASTM.Uburebure bwurukuta rwihanganira imyirondoro rusange ya aluminiyumu isabwa kuba hagati ya ± 0.04mm na 0.07mm, mugihe ubunini bwigice bwihanganira imiterere ya ultra-precision ya aluminium alloy irashobora kuba hejuru ya ± 0.01mm.Kurugero, uburemere bwumwirondoro wa aluminiyumu ukoreshwa kuri potentiometero ni 30g / m, naho kwihanganira ingano yubunini ni ± 0.07mm.Ingano yambukiranya ibice byerekana kwihanganira imyirondoro ya aluminiyumu yuzuye ni ± 0.04mm, gutandukana kwinguni ntikuri munsi ya 0.5 °, naho impamyabumenyi ihanamye ni 0.83 × L.Urundi rugero ni ultr-precision ultra-thin flat tube yimodoka, ifite ubugari bwa 20mm, uburebure bwa 1.7mm, uburebure bwurukuta rwa 0.17 ± 0.01mm, hamwe n’imyobo 24, ibyo bikaba bisanzwe byerekana imiterere ya aluminiyumu ya aluminium.
.Igishushanyo 1 ni urugero rwigice cya bimwe bito bito bya aluminiyumu.
2. Gutondekanya aluminium alloy ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gukuramo ibikoresho
Gukuramo neza cyangwa ultra-precision aluminium alloy ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byitumanaho hamwe na siyansi igezweho, ingabo zigihugu n’inganda za gisirikare, ibikoresho bya mashini neza, ibikoresho bigezweho, icyogajuru, inganda za kirimbuzi, ingufu n’ingufu, ubwato n’amato, ibinyabiziga nibikoresho byo gutwara, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho byuma, amatara, gufotora nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Mubisanzwe, tuvuze neza, ultra-precision aluminium aluminiyumu irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri ukurikije imiterere yabyo: icyiciro cya mbere ni imyirondoro ifite ibipimo bito.Ubu bwoko bwumwirondoro nabwo bwitwa ultra-small profile cyangwa mini-shusho.Ingano yacyo muri rusange ni milimetero nkeya gusa, uburebure bwurukuta ruri munsi ya 0.5mm, naho uburemere bwibice ni garama nyinshi kugeza kuri garama icumi kuri metero.Bitewe nubunini bwazo, mubisanzwe birasabwa kwihanganira.Kurugero, kwihanganira ibipimo byambukiranya ibice biri munsi ya ± 0.05mm.Byongeye kandi, ibisabwa muburyo bugororotse no kugoreka ibicuruzwa biva hanze nabyo birakomeye.
Ubundi bwoko ni imyirondoro itari nto cyane mubunini bwambukiranya ibice ariko bisaba kwihanganira ibipimo bikomeye, cyangwa imyirondoro ifite imiterere igoye yambukiranya ibice hamwe nubunini bwurukuta ruto nubwo ubunini bwambukiranya ari bunini.Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana umuyoboro udasanzwe (aluminiyumu yinganda) wasohowe nisosiyete yUbuyapani kumashini ya hydraulic ya 16.3MN itambitse hamwe nuduce twihariye dupfa kumashanyarazi akonjesha.Ingorabahizi yo gukuramo ubu bwoko bwumwirondoro ntabwo iri munsi yubwoko bwambere bwa ultra-nto.Umwirondoro usohotse ufite ubunini bunini kandi bisabwa cyane kwihanganira ntibisaba gusa tekinoroji yubuhanga bugezweho, ariko kandi bisaba tekinoroji yo gucunga neza ibikorwa byose byakozwe kuva mubusa kugeza kubicuruzwa byarangiye.
Kuva mu ntangiriro ya za 1980, kubera ikoreshwa rifatika rya tekinoroji ikomeza yo gukuramo no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, gusohora imyirondoro mito na ultra-nto byateye imbere byihuse.Nyamara, kubera impamvu zinyuranye nko kugabanya ibikoresho, ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge, hamwe niterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuramo ibicuruzwa, gukora imyirondoro mito ku bikoresho bisanzwe byo gukuramo ibicuruzwa biracyafite igice kinini.Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana imyirondoro isobanutse yo gukuramo ibice bisanzwe bipfa.Ubuzima bwikibumbano (cyane cyane imbaraga no kwambara birwanya ikiraro cya shunt hamwe nurufatiro rwibumba) hamwe nibintu bigenda mugihe cyo gukuramo biba ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka kumusaruro wabyo.Ibi ni ukubera ko iyo usohokanye umwirondoro, ubunini bwikibumbano ni gito kandi imiterere iragoye, kandi imbaraga no kwambara birwanya ibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwikibumbano, ubuzima bwububiko bugira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye kubiciro byumusaruro.Ku rundi ruhande, imyirondoro myinshi isobanutse ifite urukuta ruto kandi rufite imiterere igoye, kandi urujya n'uruza rw'ibikoresho mugihe cyo gukuramo ibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imiterere n'uburinganire bw'imyirondoro.
Mu rwego rwo gukumira firime ya oxyde hamwe namavuta hejuru ya bilet yinjira mubicuruzwa no kwemeza ubuziranenge bumwe kandi bwizewe bwibicuruzwa, bilet yashyutswe nubushyuhe bwagenwe irashobora gukonjeshwa mbere yo kuyikuramo (bita peeling ishyushye), na hanyuma byihuse shyira muri barriel yo gukuramo.Muri icyo gihe, igitereko cyakuweho kigomba guhorana isuku kugirango birinde amavuta n’umwanda kwizirika kuri gaze mugihe cyo gukuraho umuvuduko ukabije nyuma yo gusohora kimwe no gushyiramo gaze mubisohoka ubutaha.
Ukurikije ibice byerekana neza imiterere nuburyo bwo kwihanganira imyanya, gukuramo aluminiyumu idasanzwe irashobora kugabanywamo ibice byihariye bya aluminiyumu ya aliyumu hamwe na nto (miniature) ultra-high precision aluminium aloy profil.Muri rusange, ubunyangamugayo bwarwo burenze igipimo cyigihugu (nka GB, JIS, ASTM, nibindi) ultra-high precision yiswe umwirondoro udasanzwe wa aluminium alloy profil, urugero, kwihanganira ibipimo biri hejuru ya ± 0.1mm, kwihanganira uburebure bwurukuta rwa ubuso bwacitse buri muri ± 0.05mm ~ ± 0.03mm imyirondoro n'imiyoboro.
Iyo ubunyangamugayo bwayo burenze inshuro ebyiri kurwego rwigihugu ultra-high precision, byitwa ntoya (miniature) ultra-high precision aluminium alloy umwirondoro, nko kwihanganira imiterere ± 0.09mm, kwihanganira urukuta rwa ± 0.03mm ~ ± 0.01mm kumurongo muto (miniature) umwirondoro cyangwa umuyoboro.
3. Amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere ya aluminium na aluminium alloy ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gukuramo ibikoresho
Muri 2017, umusaruro no kugurisha ibikoresho byo gutunganya aluminiyumu ku isi byarenze 6000kt / a, muri byo umusaruro no kugurisha ibikoresho byo gukuramo aluminium na aluminiyumu byarengeje 25000kt / a, bingana na 40% by’umusaruro n’igurishwa byose aluminium.Aluminium yakuweho utubari two hagati twagize 90%, muriyo imyirondoro rusange n’utubari hamwe n’imyirondoro mito nini nini yo mu nyubako y’imyubakire y’abaturage barenga 80% by’akabari, imyirondoro minini nini nini nini na profili idasanzwe hamwe n’utubari byabarirwaga hafi gusa. 15%.Umuyoboro uhwanye na 8% by'ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu ivanze, mu gihe umuyoboro wakozwe hamwe n'umuyoboro udasanzwe ubarirwa kuri 20% gusa.Birashobora kugaragara uhereye hejuru ko umusaruro munini nogurisha ibikoresho bya aluminium na aluminium alloy hamwe nibikoreshwa cyane ni imyubakire mito nini nini yo hagati yimyubakire ya gisivili, imyirondoro rusange n'utubari n'imiyoboro.Kandi imyirondoro idasanzwe, utubari n'imiyoboro bingana na 15% gusa, ibintu nyamukuru biranga ibicuruzwa ni: hamwe nibikorwa byihariye cyangwa imikorere;Yeguriwe intego runaka;Kugira ubunini bunini cyangwa buto bwihariye;Hamwe nibisobanuro bihanitse byukuri cyangwa ibisabwa hejuru.Kubwibyo, ubwoko ni bwinshi kandi icyiciro ni gito, gukenera kongera inzira zidasanzwe cyangwa kongeramo ibikoresho nibikoresho bidasanzwe, umusaruro uragoye kandi nibikoresho bya tekiniki ni byinshi, igiciro cyumusaruro kiriyongera kandi agaciro kiyongereye.
Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga hamwe nogukomeza kuzamura imibereho yabantu, hashyizweho ibisabwa hejuru kandi byisumbuyeho kubisohoka, ubwiza nubwoko butandukanye bwa aluminium na aluminiyumu ivangwa n’ibicuruzwa, cyane cyane mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye ibicuruzwa byihariye bifite yazamuye iterambere ryimyirondoro idasanzwe hamwe nimiyoboro ifite imiterere yihariye hamwe nikoreshwa ryihariye.
Umwirondoro wa ultra-precision ukoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, itumanaho, ibikoresho byiposita n’itumanaho, imashini zisobanutse, ibikoresho bisobanutse, ibikoresho bidafite imbaraga, icyogajuru, ubwato bwimbaraga za kirimbuzi nubwato, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga nizindi nzego zurukuta ruto, ruto, ubunini bwigice cyane ibice.Mubisanzwe ibisabwa kwihanganira birakomeye cyane, kurugero, igice cyerekana ingano yo kwihanganira kiri munsi ya ± 0.10mm, kwihanganira uburebure bwurukuta ntibiri munsi ya 0.05mm.Mubyongeyeho, uburinganire, kugoreka nubundi buryo hamwe no kwihanganira imyanya y'ibicuruzwa byakuwe hanze nabyo birakomeye.Mubyongeyeho, mugikorwa cyo gukuramo ibintu byihariye bidasanzwe bya ultra-precision ya aluminium alloy imyirondoro, ibikoresho, ifu, inzira nibisabwa cyane.Bitewe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zigezweho, kurwego rwo hejuru kurinda igihugu nubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nibindi bikorwa ndetse no kuzamura urwego rwumuntu, umubare, ubwoko nubwiza bwimyirondoro ntoya ya ultra-precision bigenda byiyongera, nubwo mumyaka yashize, yateje imbere kandi itanga umusaruro mwinshi wo mu rwego rwo hejuru ntoya ya ultra-precision aluminium alloy imyirondoro, ariko ntishobora guhura nibikenewe ku isoko, By'umwihariko, haracyari icyuho kinini hagati y’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu gihugu n’ibikoresho byo gukora ultra nto -ibisobanuro bya aluminium alloy imyirondoro hamwe nurwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere, rudashobora guhaza isoko ryimbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga kandi rigomba gufatwa.
4. Umwanzuro
Aluminium na aluminium alloy idasanzwe yo gukuramo (imyirondoro nu miyoboro) ni ubwoko bwimiterere igoye, uburebure bwurukuta ruto, kwihanganira ibipimo hamwe nuburyo busabwa neza birasabwa cyane, ibintu bya tekiniki bihanitse, kubyara umusaruro mwinshi, ibikoresho byiza, ni igihugu ubukungu no kwirwanaho byigihugu ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi, imikoreshereze myinshi, itanga icyizere cyiterambere ryibikoresho.Umusaruro wiki gicuruzwa ufite ibisabwa byihariye kuri bilet, ibikoresho nogukoresha ibikoresho hamwe nogusohora, kandi urukurikirane rwibibazo byingenzi bya tekiniki bigomba gukemurwa kugirango tubone ibicuruzwa byiza mubice.
Byahinduwe na Gicurasi Jiang wo muri MAT Aluminium
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-07-2024
