Inzira ya Aluminiyumu hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura tekinike

Muri rusange, kugirango tubone ibikoresho byubuhanga buhanitse, hagomba gutoranywa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Nyamara, kuri 6063 ivanze, mugihe ubushyuhe rusange bwo gusohora burenze hejuru ya 540 ° C, imiterere yubukanishi bwumwirondoro ntizongera kwiyongera, kandi iyo iri munsi ya 480 ° C, imbaraga zidasanzwe zirashobora kuba zujuje ibisabwa.
Niba ubushyuhe bwo gukuramo ari hejuru cyane, ibituba, ibice, hamwe no gushushanya hejuru ndetse na burrs bizagaragara ku bicuruzwa kubera aluminiyumu ifatanye ku ifu.Kubwibyo, kugirango tubone ibicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, ubushyuhe buke bwo kugereranya bukoreshwa kenshi.
Ibikoresho byiza kandi ningingo yingenzi yo kunoza umusaruro wo gukuramo aluminiyumu, cyane cyane ibice bitatu byingenzi bya aluminiyumu, itanura rya aluminiyumu, n’itanura rishyushya.Mubyongeyeho, icy'ingenzi ni ukugira ibikorwa byiza byo gukuramo ibicuruzwa.
Isesengura ry'ubushyuhe
Utubari twa Aluminium n'inkoni bigomba kubanza gushyuha mbere yo gusohora kugirango bigere ku bushyuhe buri hafi yubushyuhe bwa solvus, kugirango magnesium iri mu nkoni ya aluminiyumu ishobora gushonga kandi igatemba neza mu bikoresho bya aluminium.Iyo inkoni ya aluminiyumu ishyizwe muri extruder, ubushyuhe ntabwo buhinduka cyane.
Iyo extruder itangiye, imbaraga nini zo gusunika inkoni isohoka isunika ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yoroshye mu mwobo wapfuye, bikabyara ubushyamirane bwinshi, bigahinduka ubushyuhe, kuburyo ubushyuhe bwumwirondoro wasohotse burenze ubushyuhe bwa solvus.Muri iki gihe, magnesium irashonga kandi ikazenguruka hirya no hino, bikaba bidahindagurika cyane.
Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, ntibugomba kuba hejuru yubushyuhe bwa solidus, bitabaye ibyo aluminium nayo izashonga, kandi umwirondoro ntushobora gushingwa.Dufashe urugero 6000 ruvanze nkurugero, ubushyuhe bwinkoni ya aluminiyumu bugomba kubikwa hagati ya 400-540 ° C, byaba byiza 470-500 ° C.
Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, bizatera kurira, niba ari bike cyane, umuvuduko wo gusohora uzagabanuka, kandi ubwinshi mu guterana amagambo guterwa no guhindurwa bizahinduka ubushyuhe, bituma ubushyuhe buzamuka.Ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe buringaniye n'umuvuduko wo gusohora hamwe n'umuvuduko ukabije.
Ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka bugomba kubikwa hagati ya 550-575 ° C, byibuze hejuru ya 500-530 ° C, bitabaye ibyo magnesium iri muri aluminiyumu ntishobora gushonga kandi ikagira ingaruka kumiterere yicyuma.Ariko ntigomba kuba hejuru yubushyuhe bwa solidus, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gusohoka buzatera amarira kandi bugire ingaruka kumiterere yubuso.
Ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukuramo inkoni ya aluminiyumu bugomba guhindurwa bufatanije n’umuvuduko wo gusohora kugirango itandukaniro ryubushyuhe bwo gusohora ritari munsi yubushyuhe bwa solvus kandi ntirurenze ubushyuhe bwa solidus.Amavuta atandukanye afite ubushyuhe butandukanye bwa solvus.Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwa solvus ya 6063 ivanze ni 498 ° C, mugihe irya 6005 ivanze ni 510 ° C.
Umuvuduko wa Traktor
Umuvuduko wa traktor ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana umusaruro.Nyamara, imyirondoro itandukanye, imiterere, ibivanze, ingano, nibindi bishobora kugira ingaruka kumuvuduko wa traktori, idashobora kuba rusange.Inganda zigezweho zo mu burengerazuba zirashobora kugera kuri traktor yihuta ya metero 80 kumunota.
Igipimo cya Extrusion ni ikindi kimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana umusaruro.Ipimwa muri milimetero kumunota kandi umuvuduko winkoni yihuta akenshi wizewe kuruta umuvuduko wa traktor mugihe wiga umusaruro.
Ubushyuhe bwububiko ningirakamaro cyane kumiterere yimyirondoro.Ubushyuhe bwububiko bugomba kubikwa hafi 426 ° C mbere yo kuyikuramo, bitabaye ibyo bikazifunga byoroshye cyangwa bikangiza ifumbire.Intego yo kuzimya ni "gukonjesha" ibintu bya magnesium bivanga, bigahindura atome ya magnesium idahindagurika no kubabuza gutura, kugirango bakomeze imbaraga zumwirondoro.
Uburyo butatu bwo kuzimya harimo: gukonjesha ikirere, gukonjesha amazi, gukonjesha amazi.Ubwoko bwo kuzimya bukoreshwa biterwa nubwihuta bwo gusohora, ubunini hamwe nibintu bisabwa bifatika byumwirondoro, cyane cyane imbaraga zisabwa.Ubwoko bw'amavuta ni uburyo bwuzuye bwerekana ubukana n'imiterere ya elastike.Ubwoko bwa aluminiyumu bwerekanwe ku buryo burambuye n’ishyirahamwe ry’abanyamerika Aluminium, kandi hari leta eshanu z’ibanze:
F bisobanura “nkuko byahimbwe”.
O bisobanura "ibicuruzwa bikozwe neza".
T bivuze ko "byavuwe ubushyuhe".
W bivuze ko ibikoresho byakemuwe ubushyuhe bwakorewe.
H bivuga ubushyuhe budashobora kuvurwa "bukonje bukonje" cyangwa "imbaraga zikomeye".
Ubushyuhe nigihe ni indangagaciro ebyiri zikeneye kugenzura byimazeyo gusaza.Mu itanura ryubusaza, buri gice cyubushyuhe kigomba kuba kimwe.Nubwo ubushyuhe buke bushobora gusaza imbaraga za profile, igihe gikenewe cyagomba kwiyongera.Kugirango ugere kubintu byiza byumubiri bifatika, birakenewe guhitamo aluminiyumu ikwiye nuburyo bwayo bwiza, gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo kuzimya, kugenzura ubushyuhe bukwiranye nigihe cyo gusaza kugirango umusaruro wiyongere, umusaruro nikindi kintu cyingenzi cyerekana umusaruro gukora neza.Ntabwo bishoboka ko bidashoboka kugera ku musaruro 100%, kubera ko ibibabi bizaca ibikoresho bitewe nibimenyetso byerekana ibimashini.
Byahinduwe na Gicurasi Jiang wo muri MAT Aluminium