Mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa aluminiyumu na aluminium alloys, ibibazo bitandukanye bikunze guhura nabyo, nka:
-Ibice byo gushyiraho: Ibi birashobora gutuma igice cyo guhinduranya, akenshi kubera gukuraho ubushyuhe budahagije ukoresheje uburyo budasanzwe bwo gukoresha igipimo gihagije kugirango ugere kumiterere yifuzwa.
-Gukunda gushyushya: Ibi birashobora kuvamo imyuka yubushyuhe; Gushyira mu gace bikwiye bifasha kwemeza no gushyushya.
-Ibyanze: Ibi birashobora gutuma umuntu ashonga igice cyangwa eutectike.
-Uburebure bukomeye bwo gupima / ubushyuhe bwinshi.
-Umuvugizi wa AFIVESSES cyangwa udahagije, byombi bishobora kuvamo gutakaza imitungo.
-Guhanagura mugihe / ubushyuhe / ibipimo bifatika bishobora gutera gutandukana muburyo bwa mashini na / cyangwa kumubiri hagati yibice nibice.
-Umupfumu, ubushyuhe buke, ubwishingizi budahagije, kandi ubukonje budahagije mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe burashobora kugira uruhare rudahagije.
Guvura ubushyuhe ni inzira yingenzi mu nganda za aluminium, reka dusuzume ubumenyi bujyanye.
1.Gukoresha - kuvurwa
Ibikorwa mbere yo kuvura bituma imiterere no kugabanya imihangayiko mbere yuko guhinga bifite akamaro ko kugabanya kugoreka. Mbere yo kuvura ubusanzwe bikubiyemo inzira nko gushushanya no guhagarika umutima, kandi bamwe kandi bafata ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukana busanzwe.
Guhangayikishwa no Gutabara: Mugihe cyo kuvura, guhangayikishwa nibisigara birashobora gutera imbere kubera ibintu nkuburyo bwo gutondeka, gusezerana ibikoresho, no gukata umuvuduko. Gukwirakwiza bidafite ishingiro bishobora kuganisha kugoreka mugihe cyo gutanga. Gutegabanya izo ngaruka, guhangayikishwa no gutabara mbere yo kwihitiramo birakenewe. Ubushyuhe bwo Guhungabanya Ubutarere buri muri rusange 500-700 ° C. Mugihe ushyushya mu kirere, ubushyuhe bwa 500-550 ° C hamwe nigihe cyamasaha 2-3 akoreshwa mu gukumira okiside no kugabanuka. Igice cyo kugoreka bitewe no kwishyurwa bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe cyo gupakira, kandi ubundi buryo busa nubusa.
Gutanga imitekerereze yo gutera imbere: Ibi birimo gushushanya gukomera, guhindagura no gukurura, gucemera.
-Gutanga: Ibyingenzi kubikoresho bya karubone hamwe na alloy ibikoresho bya alloy mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe, imiterere yabonetse nyuma yo kugandukira gutera imbaraga bigira ingaruka kuburyo bushingiye ku kugoreka cyane mugihe cyo kugoreka. Muguhindura imiterere yamakuru, umuntu arashobora kugabanya kugoreka bisanzwe mugihe cyo gutanga.
-Iburyo bwo kuvura mbere: Uburyo butandukanye bushobora gukoreshwa kugirango bugabanye kugoreka, nko kwizihiza no gukurura, gucika intege. Guhitamo ibintu bikwiye mbere yo kuzimya no gukurura, guhuza bisanzwe bishingiye kubitera kugoreka kandi ibikoresho byigice birashobora kugabanya kugoreka neza. Ariko, kwitonda birakenewe kugirango imihangayiko gisigaye no gukomera kwiyongera nyuma yo kuba umugambi, cyane cyane kubyihangana no gukaranga ubukana birashobora kugabanya kwaguka mugihe cyo kugabanya ibyuma birimo d na mn, ariko ntibigira ingaruka nke zo kugabanya ibyahinduwe nka gcr15.
Mubikorwa bifatika, kumenya icyateye kugoreka, haba bitewe n'imihangayiko isigaye cyangwa imiterere mibi, ni ngombwa kugirango tuvururwa neza. Guhangayikishwa no Gutabara bigomba gukorwa kugirango bigorekane biterwa n'imihangayiko isigaye, mugihe imiti yo kubarana ihindura imiterere ntabwo ari ngombwa, naho ubundi. Icyo gihe nibwo intego ishobora kugabanya kugoreka kugoreka kugerwaho kugirango bike uke kandi umenye neza ubuziranenge.
2.Ibikorwa byo gushyushya
Ubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bufite ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka kuburyo bugoretse. Turashobora kugera ku ntego yo kugabanya ibyahinduwe duhindura ubushyuhe bworoshye, cyangwa amafaranga yakoreshejwe arasa nubushyuhe bwo kugabanya, cyangwa bwatoranijwe neza kandi bubikwa ubushyuhe bwo kuvura nyuma yikizamini cyo kuvura ubushyuhe , kugirango ugabanye amafaranga yakurikiyeho. Ingaruka zo guhindagura ubushyuhe ku buryo bwo kuzimya ntabwo bifitanye isano gusa nibikoresho bikoreshwa mukazi, ahubwo bifitanye isano nubunini nuburyo bwakazi. Iyo imiterere nubunini bwumukozi ukora bitandukanye cyane, nubwo ibikoresho byakazi ari bimwe, uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu buratandukanye cyane, kandi umukoresha agomba kwitondera iki kibazo mubyasaruro nyabyo.
Kumara umwanya: Guhitamo kwifata bidakora gusa gushyuha gusa no kugera ku gukomera kwifuzwa cyangwa imitungo yifuzwa nyuma yo kuzimya ariko ikanasuzuma ingaruka zayo ku kugoreka. Gutanga umwanya mubyukuri byongera ubushyuhe bworoshye, cyane cyane byavuzwe kuri karubone ndende na chromium ndende ya chromium.
Uburyo bwo gupakira: Niba ibikorwa byashyizwe muburyo budafite ishingiro mugihe cyo gushyushya, bizatera imyumirwa kubera uburemere bwakazi, cyangwa imyuka bitewe no gushyuha no gukonja kubera ibikorwa bikabije byabakozi.
Uburyo bwo gushyushya: Kubikorwa bifatika kandi bitandukanye cyane cyane, cyane cyane abafite karubone yinshi nibihuha, inzira yo gushyushya irangiye ni ngombwa ni ngombwa. Gukoresha imigambi nibikenewe, rimwe na rimwe bisaba byinshi kunyenzi. Kubikorwa binini bidafite ishingiro binyuze mu miterere, ukoresheje itanura ryo kurwanya agasanduku rigenzurwa rishobora kugabanya kugoreka biterwa no gushyushya vuba.
3. Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha
Kumara uburyo bwo guhinduranya mbere na mbere muburyo bwo gukonjesha. Guhitamo neza Guhitamo Hagati, ibikorwa byubuhanga, na buri ntambwe yo gukonjesha ingaruka itaziguye.
Guhitamo Guhitamo Hagati: Mugihe ushimangiye gukomera kwa post Ukoresheje uburyo bwo kwiyuhagira buke bwo gukonjesha (kugirango byorohereze kugorora mugihe igice kiracyashyushye) cyangwa no gukonjesha ikirere birasabwa. Abasobanuzi hamwe nigipimo gikonje hagati y'amazi n'amavuta birashobora kandi gusimbuza amazi abiri y'amazi.
-Ibiryo-gukonjesha: Kubyara ikirere bikora neza kugabanya imyuka ihamye yo kwihuta-kwihuta, chromium ibyuma hamwe na micro-micro-imbogamizi yo guhinduranya ikirere. Kuri 3cr2w8v ibyuma bisaba gukomera kwinshi nyuma yo kuyizihiza, kuzimya ikirere nabyo birashobora no gukoreshwa mukugabanya uburyo bwo guhindura neza ubushyuhe bukabije.
-Ubukorikori no kumara: Amavuta ni uburyo bworoshye hamwe nigipimo cyo gukonjesha cyane kuruta amazi, ariko kubo bakorana ubunini bukomeye, ingano ntoya hamwe nubukonje bwamavuta, ariko kukazi bifite ubunini buke ariko buke Birakomeye, igipimo cya peteroli ntigihagije. Kugirango ukemure amakosa yavuzwe haruguru no gukoresha neza amavuta yo kugabanya amavuta yo kugabanya imiyoboro imara imirimo, abantu bafite uburyo bwo guhindura ubushyuhe bwa peteroli no kongera ubushyuhe bwa peteroli kugirango bagure imikoreshereze y'amavuta.
- guha ubushyuhe bwamavuta: Gukoresha ubushyuhe bumwe bwa peteroli kugirango bigabanye uburyo bwo kugabanya imihindagurikire, ni ukuvuga ubushyuhe bwa peteroli ari bunini, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bwa peteroli bukiri bunini, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bwa peteroli bukiri bunini, biragoye kwemeza ko Uwiteka Igikorwa nyuma yo gutanga ubukana. Muburyo bwuzuye imiterere nibikoresho byakazi bimwe, kongera ubushyuhe bwamavuta yo kubyara birashobora kandi kongera ubumuga. Kubwibyo, birakenewe cyane kumenya ubushyuhe bwa peteroli bwa peteroli bimara nyuma yo gutangira ikizamini ukurikije ibintu nyabyo byibikoresho byakazi, ubunini bwambukiranya.
Mugihe ukoresheje amavuta ashyushye yo kuzimya, kugirango wirinde umuriro uterwa nubushyuhe bwinshi bwa peteroli biterwa no kuzimya no gukonjesha, bikenewe ibikoresho byorwa umuriro hafi ya peteroli. Byongeye kandi, indangagaciro nziza yamavuta yo kubyara agomba kubageragezwa buri gihe, kandi amavuta mashya agomba kuzuzwa cyangwa gusimburwa mugihe.
-Musanzura ubushyuhe bworoshye: Ubu buryo burakwiriye kubice bito bya karubone yimpanuka na aly stelpieces zidashobora guhura nibisabwa gukomera nyuma yo gushyushya no kubungabunga ubushyuhe busanzwe. Mugihe cyo kongera ubushyuhe bwo kumara hanyuma ukandagira amavuta, ingaruka zo kunangira no kugabanya ibishushanyo birashobora kugerwaho. Mugihe ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo kuzimya, kwitabwaho kugirango wirinde ibibazo nkibinyampeke bikonje, kugabanya imitungo nubuzima bwa serivisi bwumukozi kubera kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwo kujugunya.
-Umushinga kandi utanga: Iyo umaze kwizihiza gukomera bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa, gushyira mu gaciro no gutiza uburyo bwo kwiyuhagira bushyushye bigomba gukoreshwa byuzuye kugirango tugerweho kugirango tugere ku ntego yo kugabanya imiterere. Ubu buryo nabwo bukora ku buryo buke-buke, igice gito cya karubone hamwe n'ibikoresho by'icyuma, cyane cyane chromium-birimo imbeba ikozwe neza hamwe n'ibikorwa byihuta bikabije. Icyiciro cyo kwiyuhagira gitomo nuburyo gukonjesha uburyo bwo kwiyoroshya nuburyo bwibanze bworoshye kuri ubu bwoko. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ni byiza kandi kuri izo maduka ya karubone no kuri alloy-theloy imiterere yububiko budasaba gukomera kwinshi.
Iyo umaze kwiyuhagira, ibibazo bikurikira bigomba kwitonderwa:
Ubwa mbere, iyo kwiyuhagira amavuta bikoreshwa mugutanga amanota no gutanga isotherching, ubushyuhe bwa peteroli bugomba kugenzurwa rwose kugirango birinde kubaho umuriro.
Icya kabiri, iyo uhagaritse amanota yumunyu, ikigega cyumunyu kigomba kuba gifite ibikoresho bikenewe hamwe nibikoresho byo gukonjesha amazi. Kubindi bigo, nyamuneka reba amakuru afatika, kandi ntazongera kubisubiramo hano.
Icya gatatu, ubushyuhe bwa isothermal bugomba kugenzurwa cyane mugihe cya mathermal. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa buke ntabwo bufasha kugabanya imico yo guhinga. Byongeye kandi, mugihe cyo gusebanya, uburyo bwo kumanika bwakazi bugomba gutoranywa kugirango wirinde uburyo bwatewe nuburemere bwumukozi.
Icya kane, mugihe ukoresheje isothermal cyangwa amanota yanze kugirango ukosore imiterere yumurimo mugihe bishyushye, igitabo nibikoresho bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi ibikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi ibikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi ibikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi ibikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi ibikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byihuse Irinde ingaruka mbi ku bwiza bwo kuzimya akazi.
Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha: Gukora ubuhanga mugihe cyo gukonjesha bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubibazo byo kuzimya, cyane cyane iyo amazi cyangwa amavuta akoreshwa.
-Kuyobora icyerekezo cyo kumara icyinjira: Mubisanzwe, ubwinshi bwinkunga cyangwa amagorofa atandukanye nkakazi bigomba gucika intege mu buryo buhagaritse mu rwego. Ibice by'ibihimbabyo birashobora kuzimya ku nguni. Icyerekezo gikwiye kigamije gukonjesha kimwe mu bice byose, hamwe no gukonjesha buhoro buhoro kwinjira mu rwego rwa mbere, hakurikiraho ibice bikonje bikabije. Gusuzuma imiterere yakazi ningaruka zayo kumuvuduko ukonje nibyingenzi.
-Umukozi wakazi muguhuza bisanzwe: Ibice bikonje bigomba guhura nuburyo bwo kuzimya. Ibikorwa bisa nkibikorwa bigomba gukurikiza inzira yuzuye kandi imwe muburyo busanzwe, kubungabunga amplitude gato no kugenda vuba. Kubikorwa byoroheje kandi birebire, umutekano mugihe cyo kwihitiramo ni ngombwa. Irinde kuzunguruka no gutekereza gukoresha clamp aho kuba insinga zihuza neza.
-Yakoze: Abakozi bagomba kuzimirwa vuba. By'umwihariko kuri boroheje, ya rod-nkakazi, kutinda gutinda birashobora gutuma umuntu yiyongera no gutandukana no gutandukana mubyicana hagati y'ibice byazimiye mu bihe bitandukanye.
-Kora gukonjesha: Kubakozi bafite itandukaniro rikomeye mubunini bwigice, urinde ibice bikonje byihuta hamwe nibikoresho nka asbestos cyangwa impapuro zumugozi kugirango ugabanye igipimo cyo gukonjesha no kugera gukonjesha kimwe.
-Igihe cyo ku mazi: Kubakozi bakorera cyane cyane kubyuma bitewe n'imihangayiko, gabanya igihe cyo gukonjesha mumazi. Kubakozi bakora cyane cyane kubihindura bitewe nubushyuhe, ongera umwanya wo gukonjesha mumazi kugirango ugabanye imico.
Byahinduwe na Gicurasi Jiang Kuva Mat Aluminium
Igihe cyagenwe: Feb-21-2024
