Intangiriro
Hamwe niterambere ryinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, isoko ryibiti bya aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu nayo iratera imbere byihuse, nubwo bikiri bito mubunini muri rusange. Nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Automotive Lightweight Technology Innovation Alliance ku isoko ry’ibiti bya aluminiyumu y’Ubushinwa, mu 2025, isoko riteganijwe kuba hafi toni 140.000, bikaba biteganijwe ko isoko rizagera kuri miliyari 4.8. Kugeza mu 2030, biteganijwe ko isoko ryifuza kuba toni zigera ku 220.000, aho isoko rigeze kuri miliyari 7.7 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda, hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'umwaka buri mwaka bugera kuri 13%. Iterambere ryiterambere ryoroheje hamwe nubwiyongere bwihuse bwimodoka yo hagati kugeza hejuru-yohejuru ni ibintu byingenzi bitera iterambere ryibiti bya aluminiyumu mu Bushinwa. Amahirwe yisoko yingaruka zimodoka yamasanduku yamashanyarazi aratanga ikizere.
Mugihe ibiciro bigabanuka hamwe nikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, aluminiyumu alloy imbere yibiti hamwe nudusanduku twa mpanuka bigenda byiyongera. Kugeza ubu, zikoreshwa mu modoka zo hagati kugeza hejuru cyane nka Audi A3, Audi A4L, BMW 3, BMW X1, Mercedes-Benz C260, Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4, Buick Regal, na Buick LaCrosse.
Imirasire ya aluminiyumu igizwe ahanini ningaruka zambukiranya imipaka, agasanduku kaguye, gushiraho ibisate, hamwe no gukurura amaboko, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1.
Igishushanyo 1: Inteko ya Aluminium Alloy Ingaruka
Agasanduku k'impanuka ni agasanduku k'icyuma kari hagati y’igiti cy’ingaruka n’ibiti bibiri birebire by’ikinyabiziga, ahanini kikaba nk'ikintu gikurura ingufu. Izi mbaraga zerekeza ku mbaraga zingaruka. Iyo ikinyabiziga gifite impanuka, urumuri rugira urwego runaka rwubushobozi bwo gukurura ingufu. Ariko, niba ingufu zirenze ubushobozi bwurumuri, izohereza ingufu mumasanduku. Agasanduku k'impanuka gakurura imbaraga zose zingaruka kandi kigahinduka, kakareba ko ibiti birebire bikomeza kutangirika.
1 Ibisabwa Ibicuruzwa
1.1 Ibipimo bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa byo kwihanganira igishushanyo, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 2.
1.3 Ibisabwa mu mashini Ibisabwa:
Imbaraga za Tensile: 15215 MPa
Imbaraga Zitanga: ≥205 MPa
Kurambura A50: ≥10%
1.4 Impanuka Agasanduku Kumenagura:
Kuruhande rwa X-axis yikinyabiziga, ukoresheje ubuso bugongana bunini kuruta ibicuruzwa byambukiranya ibicuruzwa, fata umuvuduko wa 100 mm / min kugeza ujanjaguwe, hamwe na 70% yo kwikuramo. Uburebure bwambere bwumwirondoro ni 300 mm. Ihuriro ryurubavu rukomeza nurukuta rwinyuma, ibice bigomba kuba munsi ya mm 15 kugirango bibe byemewe. Byakagombye kwemezwa ko gucamo kwemererwa kutabangamira ubushobozi bwo gukuramo imbaraga zumwirondoro, kandi ntihakagombye kubaho gucikamo ibice mubindi bice nyuma yo kumenagura.
2 Uburyo bwo Gutezimbere
Kugirango icyarimwe wuzuze ibisabwa mubikorwa byubukanishi no guhonyora imikorere, inzira yiterambere niyi ikurikira:
Koresha inkoni 6063B hamwe nibikoresho byibanze bya Si 0.38-0.41% na Mg 0.53-0.60%.
Kora kuzimya ikirere no gusaza kwubukorikori kugirango ugere kumiterere ya T6.
Koresha igihu + kizimya ikirere kandi ukore imiti ishaje kugirango ugere kumiterere ya T7.
3 Umusaruro w'indege
3.1 Ibisabwa
Umusaruro ukorerwa kumashini ya 2000T yo gukuramo 2000 ugereranije na 36. Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe ni homogenized aluminium 6063B. Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya inkoni ya aluminium nuburyo bukurikira: IV zone 450-III zone 470-II zone 490-1 zone 500. Umuvuduko wingenzi wa silinderi ni hafi ya bar 210, hamwe nicyiciro gihamye cyo gusohora gifite umuvuduko wo gusohora hafi 180 . Umuvuduko wo gukuramo umuvuduko ni 2,5 mm / s, naho umuvuduko wo gukuramo ni 5.3 m / min. Ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka ni 500-540 ° C. Kuzimya bikorwa hakoreshejwe gukonjesha ikirere hamwe nimbaraga zabafana ibumoso 100%, imbaraga zabafana hagati kuri 100%, nimbaraga zabafana iburyo kuri 50%. Ikigereranyo cyo gukonjesha mu karere kazimye kigera kuri 300-350 ° C / min, naho ubushyuhe nyuma yo kuva mu karere kazimye ni 60-180 ° C. Kuzimya ikirere +, ikigereranyo cyo gukonjesha muri zone yubushyuhe kigera kuri 430-480 ° C / min, naho ubushyuhe nyuma yo kuva mukarere kazimye ni 50-70 ° C. Umwirondoro ntugaragaza ikintu gikomeye.
3.2 Gusaza
Ukurikije uburyo bwa T6 busaza kuri 185 ° C mumasaha 6, ubukana bwibikoresho hamwe nubukanishi nibi bikurikira:
Ukurikije gusaza kwa T7 kuri 210 ° C kumasaha 6 namasaha 8, ubukana bwibikoresho hamwe nubukanishi nuburyo bukurikira:
Ukurikije imibare yikizamini, uburyo bwo kuzimya igihu + ikirere, bufatanije nuburyo bwo gusaza bwa 210 ° C / 6h, bujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa haba mubikorwa bya mashini ndetse no gupima ibizamini. Urebye ibiciro-bikoresha neza, uburyo bwo kuzimya ikirere hamwe nuburyo bwo gusaza 210 ° C / 6h byatoranijwe kugirango bibyare umusaruro kugirango byuzuze ibicuruzwa.
3.3 Ikizamini cyo Kumenagura
Ku nkoni ya kabiri n'iya gatatu, impera y'umutwe yaciwe na 1.5m, naho umurizo waciwe na 1.2m. Ingero ebyiri buri imwe yakuwe mubice, hagati, no murizo, uburebure bwa 300mm. Ibizamini byo kumenagura bikorwa nyuma yo gusaza kuri 185 ° C / 6h na 210 ° C / 6h na 8h (imibare yimikorere nkuko byavuzwe haruguru) kumashini isuzuma ibikoresho rusange. Ibizamini bikorwa ku muvuduko wo gupakira 100 mm / min hamwe na compression ingana na 70%. Ibisubizo ni ibi bikurikira: kubijyanye no kuzimya ikirere hamwe na 210 ° C / 6h na 8h yo gusaza, ibizamini byo kumenagura byujuje ibisabwa, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3-2, mugihe ingero zazimye ikirere zigaragaza gucamo inzira zose zishaje. .
Ukurikije ibisubizo by'ibizamini bishegesha, kuzimya ikirere + kuzimya ikirere hamwe na 210 ° C / 6h na 8h gusaza byujuje ibyifuzo byabakiriya.
4 Umwanzuro
Gutezimbere kuzimya no gusaza ni ngombwa kugirango iterambere ryibicuruzwa bigerweho kandi bitanga igisubizo cyiza kubicuruzwa byaguye.
Binyuze mu igeragezwa ryinshi, hemejwe ko ibintu bifatika byibicuruzwa byaguye bigomba kuba 6063-T7, uburyo bwo kuzimya ni igihu + gukonjesha ikirere, kandi gusaza kuri 210 ° C / 6h nuburyo bwiza bwo gukuramo inkoni ya aluminium hamwe n'ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 480-500 ° C, umuvuduko wa shitingi ya mm 2,5 mm / s, gusohora bipfa ubushyuhe bwa 480 ° C, n'ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka bwa 500-540 ° C.
Byahinduwe na Gicurasi Jiang wo muri MAT Aluminium
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2024
