Anodizing ninzira ikoreshwa mugukora firime ya aluminium oxyde hejuru yibicuruzwa bya aluminium cyangwa aluminium. Harimo gushyira ibicuruzwa bya aluminium cyangwa aluminiyumu nka anode mu gisubizo cya electrolyte no gukoresha amashanyarazi kugirango ukore firime ya aluminium. Anodizing iteza imbere kwangirika kwangirika, kwambara birwanya, hamwe nimitako ishushanya ya aluminium. Mugihe cya anodizing ya profili ya aluminium, ibintu byinshi bisanzwe bishobora kugaragara. Reka twumve cyane cyane ibitera inenge. Kwangirika kw'ibintu, kwiyuhagira kwiyuhagira, kugwa kw'imyunyu ngugu ya kabiri, cyangwa ingaruka za galvanike zose zishobora gutera inenge. Basobanuwe ku buryo bukurikira:
1.Acide cyangwa alkali
Mbere yo gushushanya, ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu birashobora kubora bitewe na aside cyangwa alkaline, cyangwa bigaterwa numwotsi wa aside cyangwa alkaline, bikavamo ibibara byera byera hejuru. Niba ruswa ikabije, ibibanza binini byo guteramo birashobora gukora. Biragoye kumenya n'amaso gusa niba ruswa iterwa na aside cyangwa alkali, ariko irashobora gutandukanywa byoroshye nukureba ibice byambukiranya agace kangiritse munsi ya microscope. Niba hepfo yu mwobo ari uruziga kandi nta ruswa ihindagurika, biterwa no kurwara alkali. Niba epfo idasanzwe kandi iherekejwe no kwangirika hagati, hamwe nibyobo byimbitse, biterwa no guterwa aside. Kubika no gufata nabi muruganda birashobora kandi kuganisha kuri ubu bwoko bwa ruswa. Umwotsi wa acide ukomoka kumiti ya chimique cyangwa ibindi byuka bya acide, kimwe na chlorine organic degreasers, ni isoko ya acide. Ibibyimba bisanzwe bya alkali biterwa no gusasa no kumenagura minisiteri, ivu rya sima, hamwe namazi yoza alkaline. Impamvu imaze kumenyekana, gushimangira imiyoborere yuburyo butandukanye muruganda birashobora gukemura ikibazo.
2.Isi ya ruswa
Umwirondoro wa Aluminiyumu uhura n'umwuka wuzuye urashobora gukura ibibara byera, akenshi bigahuza umurongo muremure. Ruswa ya Atmospheric muri rusange ntabwo ikaze nka acide cyangwa alkali itera kandi irashobora gukurwaho muburyo bwa mashini cyangwa gukaraba alkaline. Kwangirika kwa Atmospheric usanga ahanini kutaba hafi kandi bikunda kugaragara ahantu runaka, nk'ahantu h’ubushyuhe bwo hasi aho imyuka y'amazi iba byoroshye cyangwa hejuru. Iyo kwangirika kwikirere gukabije, igice cyambukiranya ibibanza bigaragara nkibihumyo bidahindagurika. Muri iki gihe, gukaraba alkaline ntibishobora gukuraho ibibanza byacukuwe ndetse birashobora no binini. Niba hagaragaye ruswa yo mu kirere, imiterere yo kubika mu ruganda igomba kugenzurwa. Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu ntibigomba kubikwa ahantu hafite ubushyuhe bukabije kugirango hirindwe imyuka y'amazi. Ahantu ho guhunika hagomba kuba humye, kandi ubushyuhe bugomba kuba bumwe bushoboka.
3.Impapuro zangirika (ahantu h'amazi)
Iyo impapuro cyangwa ikarito ishyizwe hagati ya aluminiyumu cyangwa ikoreshwa mu gupakira, irinda gukuramo. Ariko, iyo impapuro zijimye, ibibara byangirika bigaragara hejuru ya aluminium. Iyo ikarito ikonjeshejwe ikoreshwa, imirongo isanzwe yibibanza byangirika igaragara kumwanya wo guhuza ikibaho. Nubwo inenge ishobora rimwe na rimwe kugaragara neza hejuru ya aluminiyumu, akenshi igaragara cyane nyuma yo gukaraba alkaline na anodizing. Iyi myanya muri rusange ni ndende kandi igoye kuyikuramo hakoreshejwe imashini cyangwa gukaraba alkaline. Impapuro (ikibaho) ruswa iterwa na ion ion, cyane cyane SO42- na Cl-, ziboneka mu mpapuro. Kubwibyo, gukoresha impapuro (ikibaho) udafite chloride na sulfate no kwirinda kwinjira mumazi nuburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda impapuro (ikibaho) kwangirika.
4.Gusukura amazi yangirika (bizwi kandi ko kwangirika kwa shelegi)
Nyuma yo gukaraba alkaline, gusya imiti, cyangwa gufata aside ya sulfurike, niba amazi yogeje arimo umwanda, birashobora kuvamo ahantu hameze nkinyenyeri cyangwa imirase hejuru. Ubujyakuzimu bwangirika ni buke. Ubu bwoko bwa ruswa buboneka mugihe amazi yoza yanduye cyane cyangwa mugihe umuvuduko wo gutemba wuzuye ari muke. Irasa na kirisiti imeze nk'urubura mu buryo bugaragara, bityo izina “ruswa ya ruswa.” Impamvu ni reaction hagati yimyanda ya zinc muri aluminium na SO42- na Cl- mumazi meza. Niba insulasiyo ya tank ari mibi, ingaruka za galvanic zirashobora gukaza iyi nenge. Nk’uko amakuru aturuka mu mahanga abivuga, iyo ibirimo Zn biri mu mavuta ya aluminiyumu birenze 0.015%, Cl- mu mazi asukuye arenga 15 ppm, ubu bwoko bwa ruswa bushobora kubaho. Gukoresha aside nitricike yo gutoragura cyangwa kongeramo 0.1% HNO3 mumazi meza birashobora kuyikuraho.
5.Chloride
Kubaho kwa chloride nkeya muri acide sulfurike ya anodizing yo kwiyuhagira nabyo bishobora gutera kwangirika. Ibiranga isura ni umukara winyenyeri nini-imeze nkibyobo, byibanda cyane kumpande nu mfuruka zakazi cyangwa mu tundi turere dufite ubucucike buri hejuru. Ahantu ho gusengera nta firime ya anodize, kandi ubunini bwa firime mubice bisigaye "bisanzwe" biri munsi yagaciro kateganijwe. Umunyu mwinshi mumazi ya robine nisoko nyamukuru ya Cl- umwanda mubwogero.
6. Ruswa ya Galvanic
Mu kigega gifite ingufu (amabara ya anodizing cyangwa electrolytike), ingaruka za galvanike hagati yakazi na tank (ikigega cyicyuma), cyangwa ingaruka zumuyaga wazimiye mumatara adafite ingufu (kwoza cyangwa gufunga), birashobora gutera cyangwa kongera ububi bwa ruswa.
Byahinduwe na Gicurasi Jiang wo muri MAT Aluminium
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-15-2023
